IMM2011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Adaptive Immune System, Innate Immune System, Neutropenia
9 Jun 2018
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Linking innate and adaptive immunity: Week 2 L3:
Function of immune system:
1) Defence: against infectious agents
- Bacteria , fungi , viruses, helminths
- Long term memory
2) homeostasis
- Recognises self, what compromises our body from nonself(something that causes
disease.
- immune surveillance against tumour. tumour cells always happen in body . immune
system destroys them behind they become damaging.
Critical cells of the immune system
innate cells: present all the time and recognise microbes with PRR . proliferation so there
enough to mount the response.
Epithelial barriers : align the inside and outside the body and aim to stop pathogen from
attacking us at all.
neutrophil:most abundant white blood cells
Dendritic cell:
- link between innate and adaptive immune system
- Presenting antigen to T cell
- main role is to present antigen to t cell which are so critical in adaptive immune
system.
Adaptive cells are present, but take longer to mount an immune response
B cell : differentiate into plasma cells.
Both systems are critical:
Neutropenia: in which low number of neutrophil (part of innate immune response)
- Increased risk of bacterial , fungal and viral infection ( life threatening)
HIV: infect and kill CD4 ( helper t cell ), this is essential for the adaptive immune response.
- Low number of helper T cells to a critical level a person develops AIDS and can
- die from an AIDS related illness
-
Linkages between the innate and adaptive immune systems
Innate immune cells recognise Pathogen Associated Molecular Patterns(PAMPs) through
Pattern Recognition Receptors (PRRs)
Professional antigen preseting cell: APC
- APC like dendritic cell that process pathogen and display it on their surface.
Dendritic cell
:
key in the linkage between both system.
- is its involved in the activation of T cell .
- It presents MHC molecule to T cell. Without this presentation T cell (part of adaptive
immune response) cannot be activated.
- macrophages (innate immune system) interact with T cell (adaptive)
- T cells will talk back to macrophage to be better at its function. it will help them kill
better.
- dendritic cells: aims to break up the patogen into epitope and display them in the
mhc to present them to t cell.
- Upregulate receptor (CCR7- migrates to LN
- Activated DC can not longer phagocytose
Document Summary
Linking innate and adaptive immunity: week 2 l3: Function of immune system: defence: against infectious agents. Recognises self, what compromises our body from nonself(something that causes disease. immune surveillance against tumour. tumour cells always happen in body . immune system destroys them behind they become damaging. Critical cells of the immune system innate cells: present all the time and recognise microbes with prr . proliferation so there enough to mount the response. Epithelial barriers : align the inside and outside the body and aim to stop pathogen from attacking us at all. neutrophil: most abundant white blood cells. Dendritic cell: link between innate and adaptive immune system. Main role is to present antigen to t cell which are so critical in adaptive immune system. Adaptive cells are present, but take longer to mount an immune response. Neutropenia: in which low number of neutrophil (part of innate immune response)
