PSY10004 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Circular Time, Indigenous Psychology, Culture Shock
CROSS-CULTURAL AND
INDIGENOUS PSYCHOLOGY
Culture is deļ¬ned as the shared rules governing the behaviour of a group of people that enable
members of that group to co-exist, adapt, and survive.!
Culture is relatively stable amor one generation to the next, but evolves slowly over time, this is
known as cultural shift.!
Enculturation is the process of absorbing and internalising the rules of oneās culture.!
Western education is a product of European colonialism/imperialism. This discipline of
psychology emerged from this. Therefore, the theories, beliefs, and practices of contemporary
psychology were developed under these paradigms. The question remains as to their relevance to
other cultural groups.!
TRADITIONAL HUMAN RESEARCH
Western research methodologies are based on certain assumptions such as objectivity,
universality, and reliability.!
Cultural research and investigation utilises these assumption so all human behaviour can be
understood. !
Western methodologies can contain cultural biases that must be considered.!
CHALLENGES IN CROSS-CULTURAL RESEARCH
1. Research methods !
ā¢Using multiple variables/measures!
2. Universality and reliability!
ā¢Reproducing studies!
3. Researcher bias!
ā¢Inļ¬uence of the researcherās own culture!
4. Culturally sensitive issues!
ā¢Making assumptions, dealing with particular cultural aspects (eg ā using universalities)!
DIMENSIONS OF CULTURE
There are aspects of culture that underpin daily beliefs and practices that we need to be aware of,
including:!
ā¢Time!
-Linear V circular time!
ā¢Emotion!
-Cultural display rules that specify the appropriateness of displaying certain emotions ā¦ !
ā¢Interpersonal Space!
CROSSING CULTURES
A number of reactions occur when cultures meet, including:!
ā¢Culture shock (and its four phases)!
-Honeymoon!
-Disenchantment!
-Beginning resolution!
-Functioning!
ā¢Assimilation, pluralism, stereotypes!
Multiculturalism is where multiple cultures exist within a country and where the number of
inhabitants representing those cultures is signiļ¬cant. (The current Australian situation).!
MULTICULTURAL AUSTRALIA
ā¢Australiaās colonial policies!
-Protection!
-Integration!
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