CHEM1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Chemical Polarity, Chemical Bond, Covalent Bond
20 Nov 2018
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Document Summary
All bonds involve the sharing of electrons. How equal the sharing is what determines the bond type. Ionic bonds: (very) unequal sharing; so much that they are often considered a complete electron transfer" and the bond is the electrostatic attraction of positive and negative. Exchange of electrons creates ions, electrostatic attraction between positive and negative charges lead to the formation of ionic bonds in a crystal lattice. Covalent bonds: electrons are shared roughly equally. Two atoms each donate" an electron to share with the other atom. A single bond consists of two electrons being shared between two atoms. Polar covalent bonds: electrons are shared but unequally. Metallic bonds: the free love" form of covalent bonding; electrons are delocalised from nuclei and multiple electrons shared across many atoms. Electrons are delocalised from the nuclei of metal atoms and multiple electrons shared across metal cations, creating lots of areas for electrostatic interaction and thus bonding to occur.
