PSYC3311 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Lexical Item, Lexical Decision Task, Grapheme
Week 4 lec 1
Changing now from spoken recognition to visual word -->
Visual word recognition
The interactive-activation (IA) framework is again useful. Here, the sublexical units
represent graphemes rather than phonemes.
Letter- smallest orthographic units – c, a
But when relating to phonemes- could have more letters eg cth, ch, ea – corresponds
to phoneme
Grapheme- orthographic equivalent to phonemes
Activation passing up from grapheme to words
And the links
Frequency effect is explained in the same way as in TRACE.
- common word recognised more easily than rare word eg cat v chat
- weighting on links is higher, or cat has lower activation level
Lexical decision- is it real word or no
Yes responses to cat r faster than no responses to non words like cag – this is the lexical
status effect
Cos real word has status in the lexicon, but no word unit relating to nonword.
Why is it easier to say yes to word than no to non word --> when its a word it gets u
somewhere- the letter to the word. when do u decide nothing is reaching a word (eg for a
nonword). u dont wait forever. there may b a time deadline. but this would mean after x
secs all nonwords u decide no. but the more real the nonword seems, the more time u
spend waiting. voilin > moilin
Cos for voilin- the real word violin gets activated a bit
So theres probs a flexible time deadline depending on how much activation there is in the
system
Lexical status effect is where lexical decision times to words are shorter than those to
nonwords. A nonword response is made when no lexical unit reaches threshold (in the IA
model), so the delay comes about because the reader is waiting for a deadline (a time
criterion) beyond which it is accepted that no lexical unit is going to be activated to
threshold. The wordlikeness of the nonword will determine what the deadline is – the
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Document Summary
Changing now from spoken recognition to visual word --> Here, the sublexical units represent graphemes rather than phonemes. But when relating to phonemes- could have more letters eg cth, ch, ea corresponds to phoneme. Frequency effect is explained in the same way as in trace. Common word recognised more easily than rare word eg cat v chat. Weighting on links is higher, or cat has lower activation level. Lexical decision- is it real word or no. Yes responses to cat r faster than no responses to non words like cag this is the lexical status effect. Cos real word has status in the lexicon, but no word unit relating to nonword. Cos for voilin- the real word violin gets activated a bit. So theres probs a flexible time deadline depending on how much activation there is in the system. Lexical status effect is where lexical decision times to words are shorter than those to nonwords.
