BIOM1060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 34: Corpus Albicans, Corpus Luteum, Suspensory Ligament
BIOM1060 02/05/18
FEMALE REPRODUCTION
Reproductive system - function after puberty
- Dormant until puberty
- Hypothalamus secretes gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH)
- GH regulates release of follicle stimulation hormone (FSH) and
luteinizing hormone (LH)
o FSH causes secondary follicle of ovary to produce estrogen
o LH causes ovulation and release of oocyte
- Ovulation produces corpus luteum which produces progesterone
(regresses to form corpus albicans if no pregnancy)
- Estrogen (control sex characteristic) and progesterone (prepares
uterus for implantation and mammary glands for lactation
- Uterus allows for development of foetus
- Foetus delivered through vagina
- Breast nourishes newborn
Ovary
- Site of oocyte development
- Covered in tunic albuginea
- Tubal and uterine extremities
- Hilum of ovary connects to peritoneum (ovarian artery + vein enter/exit through hilum)
o Ovarian artery: carries hormones from pituitary glands to ovaries (stimulate
ovulation and follicle growth
o Ovarian vein: carries estrogen and progesterone to rest of body
- Ovary has outer cortex (follicles) and inner medulla (location of blood vessels)
- Secondary oocyte selected at period, FSH stimulates growth, ruptures, follicle released
- Corpus luteum: produces progesterone (if pregnant, HCG stops regression)
- Corpus albicans: regressed corpus luteum
- Ovaries = only intraperitoneal organ
o Attached to pelvic wall via suspensory ligament, anchored to uterus via ovarian
ligaments + to body via broad ligament (not anchored to fallopian tubes directly)
▪ Mesovarium: part of broad ligament covering ovary at hilum (smooth
muscles fibres within contract during ovulation and bring ovaries closer
to uterine tube openings)
Primordial follicles
- Lost throughout life (1-2 million at birth, only 400-500 destined for ovulation)
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Document Summary
Gh regulates release of follicle stimulation hormone (fsh) and luteinizing hormone (lh: fsh causes secondary follicle of ovary to produce estrogen, lh causes ovulation and release of oocyte. Ovulation produces corpus luteum which produces progesterone (regresses to form corpus albicans if no pregnancy) Estrogen (control sex characteristic) and progesterone (prepares uterus for implantation and mammary glands for lactation. Hilum of ovary connects to peritoneum (ovarian artery + vein enter/exit through hilum: ovarian artery: carries hormones from pituitary glands to ovaries (stimulate ovulation and follicle growth, ovarian vein: carries estrogen and progesterone to rest of body. Ovary has outer cortex (follicles) and inner medulla (location of blood vessels) Secondary oocyte selected at period, fsh stimulates growth, ruptures, follicle released. Corpus luteum: produces progesterone (if pregnant, hcg stops regression) Ovaries = only intraperitoneal organ: attached to pelvic wall via suspensory ligament, anchored to uterus via ovarian ligaments + to body via broad ligament (not anchored to fallopian tubes directly)