BIOM2015 Lecture Notes - Lecture 12: Esophagus, Diuretic, Dysphagia
Tuesday, 22 May, 2018
Dehydration
Aged Kidney
-kidney becomes smaller; reduction in nephron; decrease in GFR
-we get water balance from food fluid in our food and drink
-we loss water from skin and lung; faeces ;diarrhoea; loss of water from urine
-aim to have water balance input and output
-someone dehydration either just water or and salt lost
-fluid loss concentrate solute increase osmolarity
-blood loss water and salt loss in certain degree decrease BV but not much extent to
osmolarity
-we can loss salt and water or just water itself
Signs and symptoms
-headaches, dry lips and mouth
-feeling dizzy and lethargic
-babies crying without tears
-elderly patients having dementia in hospital feel dizzy; hard to see in elderly since
dizziness might due to medication
-thirst receptor intake more water stimulate vessopressin hormone absorb more filtrate
(2 approaches)
-control 1: centre of thirst in hypothalamus act same time as vessopressin
-we drink fluid, not necessary we are thirsty, can be physiological factor (coffee, fruits)
-vessopressin release from posterior pituitary gland hold reabsorption of water from
inserting aquaporins
-2 stimulis for the release of vessopressin
-drop in BV detected by heart receptors changes BV
-increase in osmolarity detected by osmoreceptor cause distal tubule and collecting
duct more permeable thus more water goes in urine and increase blood volume
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Document Summary
Kidney becomes smaller; reduction in nephron; decrease in gfr. We get water balance from food uid in our food and drink. We loss water from skin and lung; faeces ;diarrhoea; loss of water from urine. Aim to have water balance input and output. Someone dehydration either just water or and salt lost. Blood loss water and salt loss in certain degree decrease bv but not much extent to osmolarity. We can loss salt and water or just water itself. Elderly patients having dementia in hospital feel dizzy; hard to see in elderly since dizziness might due to medication. Thirst receptor intake more water stimulate vessopressin hormone absorb more ltrate (2 approaches) Control 1: centre of thirst in hypothalamus act same time as vessopressin. We drink uid, not necessary we are thirsty, can be physiological factor (coffee, fruits) Vessopressin release from posterior pituitary gland hold reabsorption of water from inserting aquaporins. 2 stimulis for the release of vessopressin.
