DENT3060 Lecture Notes - Lecture 30: Pituitary Adenoma, Orthognathic Surgery, Parathyroid Gland
Document Summary
Major glands: pineal, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroid, thymus, adrenal, pancreas, ovary, testes. Common symptoms in endocrine disease: symptoms of over/undersecretion of hormones: weight loss/gain, >hair loss/growth, skin pigmentation, fertility/menstrual problems, dwarfism, slow mental activity, disturbed heart rate/rhythm, gigantism, chronic fatigue. Common investigations in endocrine disease: thyroid function tests, isotope scanning, fine needle cytology, x-rays/us/ct/mri, biochemical investigations (hormone/bg/serum levels) Parathyroid gland, thyroid gland, pituitary gland, adrenal gland disease, pancreatic (dm) Hyperparathyroidism: primary: excessive levels pth (adenoma/hyperplasia of parathyroid gland, secondary: prolonged hypocalcaemia with renal failure/ malabsorption stimulates pth, brown tumours of jaw bones loss of lamina around roots, other oral symptoms related to associated autoimmune disorders. Hypoparathyroidism: cause: primary (autoimmune disease), secondary (thyroid surgery), pseudo (inherited, signs/symptoms of primary/secondary: tetany, perioral paraesthesia, abnormal teeth investigations: serum (po4), x-ray skull (basal ganglion calcifications), plasma
