PSYC1020 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Classical Conditioning, Habituation
PSYC1020: Classical Conditioning
• Learning in psychology
➢ Is a kind of behaviour theory
➢ Enduring changes in response to a stimulus due to environment, past
experiences etc.
➢ Thus, learig theor tpiall eplais hages i a orgaiss ehaiour
• Simplest form of learning:
➢ Stimulus —> response
• Habituation:
➢ respond less strongly to repeated stimulus over time
➢ Found in most basic forms of organism (sea slugs etc.)
➢ In human experiments, typically measure physiological responses e.g. heart
rate, sweat etc.
• Sensitisation:
➢ respond more or similarly strongly to repeated stimulus over time
➢ E.g. dot at to igest soethig toi, so keep respodig siilarl oer
time
• Learning Associations between stimuli
➢ Slightly more complex form of behaviour learning
➢ Original stimulus —> original response
➢ New stimulus —> response (same?)
• Ivan Pavlov:
➢ 19th Cent.
➢ Interested in saliva and digestion.
➢ Animal research.
➢ Stuled upo pheoea he dued pshi reflees (classical
conditioning).
• Classical conditioning
➢ Dogs Palos eperiet saliatig to eutral stiulus assoiated ith the
act of feeding the dogs.
➢ Food —> salivating
➢ Bell —> salivating (once it had been learned that the bell usually meant
feeding time).
➢ So:
➢ Unconditioned stimulus —> unconditioned response
➢ Conditioned stimulus —> conditioned response
• Phases of conditioning
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Document Summary
Enduring changes in response to a stimulus due to environment, past experiences etc. Thus, lear(cid:374)i(cid:374)g theor(cid:455) t(cid:455)pi(cid:272)all(cid:455) e(cid:454)plai(cid:374)s (cid:272)ha(cid:374)ges i(cid:374) a(cid:374) orga(cid:374)is(cid:373)(cid:859)s (cid:271)eha(cid:448)iour: simplest form of learning: Respond less strongly to repeated stimulus over time. Found in most basic forms of organism (sea slugs etc. ) In human experiments, typically measure physiological responses e. g. heart rate, sweat etc: sensitisation: Respond more or similarly strongly to repeated stimulus over time. E. g. do(cid:374)(cid:859)t (cid:449)a(cid:374)t to i(cid:374)gest so(cid:373)ethi(cid:374)g to(cid:454)i(cid:272), so keep respo(cid:374)di(cid:374)g si(cid:373)ilarl(cid:455) o(cid:448)er time: learning associations between stimuli. Slightly more complex form of behaviour learning. Stu(cid:373)(cid:271)led upo(cid:374) phe(cid:374)o(cid:373)e(cid:374)a he du(cid:271)(cid:271)ed (cid:858)ps(cid:455)(cid:272)hi(cid:272) refle(cid:454)es(cid:859) (classical conditioning): classical conditioning. Dogs (cid:894)pa(cid:448)lo(cid:448)(cid:859)s e(cid:454)peri(cid:373)e(cid:374)t(cid:895) sali(cid:448)ati(cid:374)g to (cid:374)eutral sti(cid:373)ulus asso(cid:272)iated (cid:449)ith the act of feeding the dogs. Bell > salivating (once it had been learned that the bell usually meant feeding time). Conditioned stimulus > conditioned response: phases of conditioning. Acquisition (as conditioned stimulus and unconditioned stimulus are paired repeatedly, conditioned response increases progressively in strength).
