8392 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Overtraining, Maladaptation, Catecholamine
20 Jun 2018
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LECTURE 14: Overreaching and Overtraining
Terminology
- Overtraining: intensified training over possible outcomes of short term overreaching
- Functional overreaching FOR – positive adaptation
- Non functional overreaching NFO – no positive adaptation
oMaladaption, more damage than good
- Over training syndrome OTS
oMultifactorial aetiology
oExercise not the only cause
Psychological stresses, nutritional problems etc
Functional overreaching
- In a typical training cycle
oInitial decline in performance – adequate recovery – super compensation effect
Inc in strength if appropriate nutrition etc
Comb of nutritionl and recovery
Non functional overreaching
- An accumulation of training and/or non training stress resulting in short term decrement in
perf capacity with or without relted physiological and psychological signs and symptoms or
maladaptation
oMuscle soreness, not sleeping very well
- Restoration of performance may take several days or weeks
Overtraining
- An accumulation of training and/or non straning stress resulting in long term decrements in
performance
oMonth or years, can be career ending; cant perform, can cause more stress with
sponsorship, standard of living
- Overtraining syndrome
o prolonged maladaptation
Athletes performance
Biological
Neurochemical
Hormonal
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oDiagnosis is often made retrospectively
oGet screening to have a baseline to work off of
oDeclines over a really long period of time
oSigns and symptoms
Initial
Performance decrements (unexplained decline in perf)
Psychological disturbances; dec in vigour, inc in fatigue, stress
(financial, relationship)
Hormonal disturbances
oFemale athlete triad
oLook at eating, menstrual functioning,
Confounding factors
Poor nutrition
Illness ERTI
Psychological stressors
Sleep disorders
o
- Overtraining continuum
oTrain, recover, enhance performance
oNo recovery – can lead to overtraining syndrome
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o
oNeed to have periodised recovery built into program
Who is at risk?
- High volume, high load and dec recovery
- Risk inc in endurance athletes
oPprox 60% elite runners compared to 33% in non elite runners
o35% adolescent swimmers had been overtrained at least once
o15% of british
oOvertrained once = more likely to be overtrained again
Possible triggers
- Training monotony
- Excessive competitions
- Sleep disturbances
- Personal and/or occupational stressors
- Illness
- Altitude exposure
- Heat induced injuries ie heat stroke
Pathophysiology
- Numerous hypothesis have been propsed
oGlycogen hypothesis
Not replacing glycogen stores appropriately
Can contribute to fatigue
oCentral fatigue hypothesis
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Overtraining: intensified training over possible outcomes of short term overreaching. Non functional overreaching nfo no positive adaptation: maladaption, more damage than good. Over training syndrome ots: multifactorial aetiology, exercise not the only cause. In a typical training cycle: initial decline in performance adequate recovery super compensation effect. An accumulation of training and/or non training stress resulting in short term decrement in perf capacity with or without relted physiological and psychological signs and symptoms or maladaptation: muscle soreness, not sleeping very well. Restoration of performance may take several days or weeks. An accumulation of training and/or non straning stress resulting in long term decrements in performance: month or years, can be career ending; cant perform, can cause more stress with sponsorship, standard of living. Hormonal: diagnosis is often made retrospectively, get screening to have a baseline to work off of, declines over a really long period of time, signs and symptoms.
