BIOL3090 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Adenylyl Cyclase, Lac Operon, Isomerization

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Then there is a lag change in transcriptional regulation. B-galactosidase is enzyme required to break down lactose. There is a repressor monomer that is encoded by the gene laci. This repressor forms a tetramer (active form) dna binding protein binds to sequence of dna adjacent to the promoter called the operator (called laco aka operator). When lactose enters the cell, it undergoes isomerisation with allolactose which is the inducer that binds to the repressor, it changes shape and so is no longer able to bind to laco. There are actually 3 lac operators. (above lac o1 was talked about). Lac o3 is upstream of promoter, o2 is downstream lies within gene. O2 acts as a roadblock stopping rnap. Exp have shown all three work when knocked out there is less repression. Mixture why no transcribed? camp molecule that sense metabolic status of cell. Intracellular signalling. camp levels are inversely proportional to glucose levels. (if camp high gluc low).

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