MEDI110 Lecture Notes - Lecture 20: Neural Tube Defect, Gestational Diabetes, Birth Weight
6 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Physiological and metabolic adjustments of pregnancy and nutritional requirements. Changes in metabolism in pregnancy: progesterone increases, promotes fat deposition, relaxes smooth muscle, allows uterus expansion, slows gastrointestinal tract, oestrogen increases. Increases fluid retention: regulates thyroid activity (decreased bmr, blood volume increases up to 50, decreases in concentration e. g. iron. Influence of maternal nutritional status on pregnancy outcomes. Intrauterine growth retardation (igr) stroke, chd, diabetes, increased bp: premature delivery depends on growth rates post birth, over nutrition in utero diabetes, cvd. These factors lead to optimal birth weight and length, which influence morbidity and. 89mg/day but intakes are much lower at 15mg/day. Sources of dha: fish and seafood, meat, poultry, game, egg products and dishes, fortified foods. Energy and nutrient needs: energy, as pregnant women get heavier, physical activity decreases, approx. Iron and calcium absorption increases: calcium (+300mg/day for ages 14-18, zinc (+3mg) Iodine (+70ug: folate (one of the b vitamins, essential for cell division; 600ug/d, deficiency common in pregnancy.
