MEDI213 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Ketogenic Diet, Brush Border, Emulsion
7 Aug 2018
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Document Summary
Digestion and absorption, carbohydrate, protein, fat and alcohol. What is a nutrient: components of food, required for structure/function of the organism, categories, macronutrients cho, protein, fat, micronutrients vitamins and minerals. Macronutrients: cho 45-65% energy (17kj, protein 15-25% energy (17kj, fat 20-35% energy (37kj) Definitions: digestion macronutrients broken down into smallest constituent to be easily absorbed, hydrolysis, enzyme cleavage, fat emulsification. Intestine impermeable to many large molecules: absorption moves nutrients from the outside environment into gut, active transport and diffusion. If <50g = ketosis = cognitive impairment, headache, weakness. Fat: types of dietary fat, saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids, trans fatty acids, food sources of dietary fat, salmon, dairy, avocado, olive oil. Influence on blood glucose levels: types of fibre. Inadequate intake: reduced absorption due to mucosa damage, much is excreted, vitamin c, decrease intake and/or altered liver metabolism, scurvy, effects on vitamin a.
