MEDI251 Lecture 5: Study design 2

• School: UOW
• Department: Medical and Health Sciences
• Course: MEDI251
• Professor: Karen Charlton

Document Summary

Study design 2: cross sectional, ecological and case control studies. List the main characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages of ecologic, cross sectional and case control studies. List the main characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of these study designs. Calculate and interpret an odds ratio, and know when this can approximate relative risk. Overview of study designs: observational studies, descriptive studies: cross sectional studies, analytic studies: many ecologic studies, case control studies, cohort studies, quasi experimental studies, experimental studies. Imprecise measurement of exposure and disease (measurement or reporter bias) Cross sectional study e. g. nhanes: prevalence study (cant get incidence, exposure and disease measures obtained at individual level, single observation period, exposure and disease histories collected simultaneously, both probability and non probability sampling used, hypothesis generation. Intervention planning: estimation of the magnitude and distribution of a health problem, limitations, do not provide incidence data, cannot study low prevalence disease, cannot determine temporality of exposure and disease, descriptive studies: cross sectional surveys (hypothesis generation)