EXSS2021 Lecture 11: Week 11 Notes

• School: University of Sydney
• Department: Exercise and Sport Science
• Course: EXSS2021
• Professor: Helen O'Connor

Document Summary

Female athlete triad: optimal energy + optimal bone health + eumenorrhea, low bmd + menstrual disorders + reduced energy, osteoporosis + amenorrhea + low energy. Low body weight, inadequate intake, excessive training, hormone pulsatility. Dietary energy intake - exercise energy expenditure (energy remaining is used for other body functions) When dietary intake is inadequate, allocation is prioritised on processes necessary for survival. Deficiency relative to balance of energy intake and energy expenditure. Affects aspects of physiological function - metabolic rate, bone health, menstrual function, immunity, protein synthesis, cv health, psychological health. Affects aspects of sports performance - endurance, training response, coordination, strength, injury risk. Insulin, t3, igf-1: energy availability and bone strength. Risk of stress fractures, risk of premature osteoporosis. Use dexa scan to compare against age related norms. Bone mineral density: takes years, increase oestrogen (less bone resorption), increase energy (stimulate anabolic hormones and bone formation) Menstrual status: takes months, increase reproductive hormones, increase estrogen.