PHAR3816 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Acute Kidney Injury, Chronic Kidney Disease, Acute Tubular Necrosis
22 Jul 2018
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Document Summary
Nephron major functional unit of kidney- important issue is that of gfr (glomerular filtration rate). The filtration at glomerulus with blood flow in and out (afferent and efferent) excretes wastes via the gfr. Impairment of this: blood in that is not being filtered and waste products remain. A well functioning kidney- crcl: actually cleared exclusively by gfr and remains constant. Creatinine is the breakdown of muscle and a waste product. Impairment is when there is retention cr in blood (increase cr levels). For a drug excreted by the kidney, we need a lower dose or a higher dosing interval. Regulation of acid/base balance: retention of hydrogen ions- acidosis as kidney fail to excrete (sodium bicarbonate is most common alkalizer) Conversion of vitamin d to its active metabolite: bone complications due to renal disease, calcitriol prescribed for this. Production of epo: hormone erythropoietin synthesis of erythrocytes (rbc which transport oxygen) anaemia or low haemoglobin.
