PHIL1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Unmoved Mover, Big Bang, Enthymeme
16 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
Lecture 1
What makes an argument a good argument?
- Being a valid argument: conclusion is guaranteed by logic if the premises
is true
- True premises= sound valid
GOD EXISTS
1. Some things move
2. Every moving thing is moved by something
3. There is no infinite chain of movers and movee
There is a first unmoved mover
Lemme: conclusion but is not a final conclusion
Argument is not sound^
Enthymeme: important argument that has a premises missing
Premises
• Some events cause other events if an even happens, it must be caused by
something outside
• There can be no chain of infinite cause and effect
Lemma
• There is a first uncaused cause
Conclusion
• God exist/ Big bang
Event is anything part of the world.
E.g. 3 Reductio Argument
1. Contingent Things Exist
2. Every contingent thing has a time that it doesn’t exist
Lemma
If everything were contingent, there would be a time where nothing exists
If the world were empty at time T, then it would be empty at any time after T
If everything were contingent, nothing would now exist but the world is not
empty so god exist
• Contingent things: something that exists but is not necessary. All beings
are contingent things
• God is the only necessary concrete being
• Merely possible thing exist in another world but not the real world
• A necessary being is something that exist in all the world
• Worlds- complete worlds; the past and future
• There can be necessary abstract beings
• Epistemology is the study of knowledge and belief
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Being a valid argument: conclusion is guaranteed by logic if the premises is true. God exists: some things move, every moving thing is moved by something, there is no infinite chain of movers and movee. Lemme: conclusion but is not a final conclusion. Enthymeme: important argument that has a premises missing. Premises: some events cause other events if an even happens, it must be caused by something outside, there can be no chain of infinite cause and effect. Lemma: there is a first uncaused cause. 3 reductio argument: contingent things exist, every contingent thing has a time that it doesn"t exist. If everything were contingent, there would be a time where nothing exists. If the world were empty at time t, then it would be empty at any time after t. If everything were contingent, nothing would now exist but the world is not empty so god exist: contingent things: something that exists but is not necessary.
