PSYC2012 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Confidence Interval, Null Hypothesis, Sampling Distribution

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T-test
Whe should e use t-test?
Whe the aiae is uko
I the t-test, e eed to estiate the variace.
ote: this is the ke diffeee etee t-test ad z-test
Ho do e alulate the aiae i t-test?
Needs to deteie the degee of feedo usuall 
Whe e alulate the aiae, deiatio soe should e diided  the
degee of feedo athe tha saple size. eause aiae of saplig
distiutio is salle tha the populatio ea, e eed to oet this ias!!!
Tutoial Eaple:
Suppose it is ko that i the Eglish-speakig old, adults ath o aeage .
hous of teleisio pe da. A eduatioal pshologist epets that this ill ot e
the ase fo studets ad a saple of Austalia uiesit studets ee uestioed
aout ho ahous of TV theath peda. The data is aoe:
. . . . . . . . ..
The fist step should fid out the ull hpothesis ad alteatie hpothesis.
H : Austalia uiesitstudets ath . hous o aeage pe da.
Ha : Austalia uiesit studets does ot ath . hous o aeage pe da.
The alulate the ea ad aiae of the saple: as: ., .7
ote: su of the deiatio soe should e diided degee of feedo
The alulate the stadad eo: .7/ = .7
Sustitute the stadad eo ito the t-test foula ad fid the t: .-
.7/.7=-.9
Fid the itial t ad opaed it ith the oseed t
Make the deisio as: etai the ull hpothesis
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I(cid:374) the t-test, (cid:449)e (cid:374)eed to esti(cid:373)ate the varia(cid:374)ce. (cid:894)(cid:374)ote: this is the ke(cid:455) diffe(cid:396)e(cid:374)(cid:272)e (cid:271)et(cid:449)ee(cid:374) t-test a(cid:374)d z-test(cid:895) Needs to dete(cid:396)(cid:373)i(cid:374)e the deg(cid:396)ee of f(cid:396)eedo(cid:373) (cid:894)usuall(cid:455) (cid:1005)(cid:895) Whe(cid:374) (cid:449)e (cid:272)al(cid:272)ulate the (cid:448)a(cid:396)ia(cid:374)(cid:272)e, de(cid:448)iatio(cid:374) s(cid:272)o(cid:396)e should (cid:271)e di(cid:448)ided (cid:271)(cid:455) the deg(cid:396)ee of f(cid:396)eedo(cid:373) (cid:396)athe(cid:396) tha(cid:374) sa(cid:373)ple size. (cid:894)(cid:271)e(cid:272)ause (cid:448)a(cid:396)ia(cid:374)(cid:272)e of sa(cid:373)pli(cid:374)g dist(cid:396)i(cid:271)utio(cid:374) is s(cid:373)alle(cid:396) tha(cid:374) the populatio(cid:374) (cid:373)ea(cid:374), (cid:449)e (cid:374)eed to (cid:272)o(cid:396)(cid:396)e(cid:272)t this (cid:271)ias!!! (cid:895) Suppose it is k(cid:374)o(cid:449)(cid:374) that i(cid:374) the e(cid:374)glish-speaki(cid:374)g (cid:449)o(cid:396)ld, adults (cid:449)at(cid:272)h o(cid:374) a(cid:448)e(cid:396)age (cid:1007). (cid:1004) hou(cid:396)s of tele(cid:448)isio(cid:374) pe(cid:396) da(cid:455). A(cid:374) edu(cid:272)atio(cid:374)al ps(cid:455)(cid:272)hologist e(cid:454)pe(cid:272)ts that this (cid:449)ill (cid:374)ot (cid:271)e the (cid:272)ase fo(cid:396) stude(cid:374)ts a(cid:374)d a sa(cid:373)ple of aust(cid:396)alia(cid:374) u(cid:374)i(cid:448)e(cid:396)sit(cid:455) stude(cid:374)ts (cid:449)e(cid:396)e (cid:395)uestio(cid:374)ed a(cid:271)out ho(cid:449) (cid:373)a(cid:374)(cid:455) hou(cid:396)s of tv the(cid:455) (cid:449)at(cid:272)h pe(cid:396) da(cid:455). The data is a(cid:271)o(cid:448)e: (cid:1005). (cid:1009) (cid:1008). (cid:1009) (cid:1006). (cid:1009) (cid:1009). (cid:1004) (cid:1007). (cid:1004) (cid:1006). (cid:1004) (cid:1005). (cid:1009) (cid:1004). (cid:1009) (cid:1005). (cid:1009) (cid:1006). (cid:1009) The fi(cid:396)st step should fi(cid:374)d out the (cid:374)ull h(cid:455)pothesis a(cid:374)d alte(cid:396)(cid:374)ati(cid:448)e h(cid:455)pothesis.

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