CAM202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Laxative, Bowel Obstruction, Macrogol
11 Oct 2018
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Route of administration and onset of action: taken orally, takes 24-72 hours (not for acute relief) Clinical use: mild constipation, small hard stools, and long term control, more useful for normal constipation than slow transit constipation or anorectal dysfunction, ensure adequate fluid intake to avoid intestinal obstruction. Precautions: contraindicated in partial of complete bowel obstruction, contraindicated in colonic atony, prevent use in dysphagia, as oesophageal obstruction may occur, avoid use in fluid restriction or immobility. Glycerol suppositories (rectal: osmotic effects, lubricating properties, may act as a stimulant by local irritant effects, well tolerated, onset of action is 5-30 minutes (rapid relief when stool is in the lower rectum) Lactulose, sorbitol, and macrogol laxatives (oral: used for relief of constipation, faecal impaction, bowel preparation, onset of action: 1-3 days. Larger doses or products with sodium sulphate (a saline laxative) have a faster onset (0. 5-3 hours): adverse effects: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, distension, cramps, pain.
