CAM202 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Adenoma, Western Pattern Diet, Germline Mutation
Document Summary
Clinical features: common lesions, most asymptomatic, occult rectal bleeding, pre-(cid:373)alig(cid:374)a(cid:374)t (cid:374)ature, though (cid:373)ost stay as polyps a(cid:374)d do(cid:374)"t proceed to ade(cid:374)ocarci(cid:374)o(cid:373)a, prevalence increases with age. Sessile villous adenoma: usually in rectum, rough surface. Pathologic features ctd: microscopically, all adenomas show dysplasia of the mucosa. Increased risk of invasive adenocarcinoma if polyp size is large and there is high grade dysplasia. Adenoma-carcinoma sequence: adenomatous polyps are precursor lesions to sporadic colorectal carcinoma. Serrated polyps with normal architecture and no dysplasia. Flat/sessile smooth bumps or nodules: pale on insufflation of air, rarely progress to adenocarcinoma, histology, crypts have irregular sawtooth or serrated luminal surface contour most pronounced in the upper crypt region, no dysplasia. Juvenile polyps: combined serrated and adenomatous polyps, hamartomatous polyps. Colorectal carcinoma: third most common cancer in men and women and the fourth most common cancer overall, 12% of all cancers. Second leading cause of death of cancer death behind only lung cancer.
