300802 Lecture 5: Biodiversity evidence of evolution

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amberhippopotamus661

16 Feb 2019

School

UWS

Department

University of Western Sydney

Course

300802

Professor

tony haigh

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Darwins finches: all differing in beak size, beak size dependent on their food source. Bigger beaks- stronger for crushing bigger seeds. Thin beaks- able to get into small cervices in branches, softer food sources (insects and thinner seeds: peter and rosemary grant. Biologist couple studying a small island that is part of the. Witnessed and studied two major incidences of natural selection during their 40 year study. Finches all came from similar finch population and dispersed to other islands: oscillating selection- favouring different phenotypes at different times. Medium ground finch survived the many extremes and thus favoured the more abundant species that survived: direction selection- elimination of one extreme phenotype making a different in population. Weather changes reduced the amount extreme phenotypes of the population: bottleneck effect- population size is reduced by a great amount during one generation, and will affect variation in alleles in the next generation.

Related Questions

creating 2 multiple choice questions, based on that material i provided . 2 multiple choice questions per informations, with a brief description on what the answer and why is the answer is correct and why you think they are good questions.

1. Any examination of the study of natural selection in the wild has to begin with Peter and Rosemary Grant, because they were the first scientists to make rigorous long-term measurements of the phenomenon. (Zimmer 232) .. Ground finches on Daphne Major differ in the thickness of their bills, and this variation causes some individuals to be more efficient at processing hard seeds(Zimmer 233). big-beaked birds tend to produce chicks with big beaks, and small-beaked birds tend to produce chicks with small beaks. With such high heritability, we can use the breederâs equation (R = h² Ã S) to find that the average beak size on Daphne Major has the potential to evolve rapidly in response to natural selection.(Zimmer 233)

Zimmer, Carl. Evolution, 2nd Edition. W.H. Freeman & Company, 20170411. VitalBook file.

The citation provided is a guideline. Please check each citation for accuracy before use.

2. question that go with the more recent estimate for how many species of finches there are.watch Making of the Fittest: Evolution of the Stickleback Fish (HHMI Interactive).

23.

Peter and Rosemary Grantâs research on Darwinâs finches demonstrated that dry years on the Galapagos Island Daphne Major favored deep beaks in the medium ground finch (Geospiza fortis) and that very wet years favored narrow beaks. In years that were neither wet nor dry (intermediate years), many different types of foods were available, and birds with intermediate beak sizes were favored. Immediately following an intermediate year, average beak size in G. fortis is expected to be

A) narrower than after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

B) wider than after a wet year and narrower than after a dry year.

C) the same as after a wet year and wider than after a dry year.

D) the same as after a dry year and narrower than after a wet year.

13.

Select the evidence that would support the hypothesis that peppered moths and industrial melanism are an example of evolution by natural selection. Check all that apply.

A) Different color morphs exist naturally in the peppered moth population.

B) The genetic basis of melanism in peppered moths is unknown.

C) Dark moths are recaptured more in polluted areas than light moths.

D) Birds looking for food often miss moths that are the same color as the mothâs background.

Check all of the statements that are supported by studies of artificial selection.

A) Artificial selection shows that evolutionary change can occur over a short time.

B) Artificial selection shows that natural selection is capable of producing major evolutionary change.

C) Artificial selection occurs when humans selectively breed individuals of a species with desirable traits.

D) Artificial selection results only in minor changes within a species.

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300802 Lecture 5: Biodiversity evidence of evolution

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