300897 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Cervical Vertebrae, Nuchal Ligament, Supraventricular Tachycardia

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28 Oct 2018
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Thoracic vertebrae in all mammalian species are those vertebrae that also carry a pair of ribs and lie caudal to the cervical vertebrae. Further caudally follow the lumbar vertebrae, which also belong to the trunk, but do not carry ribs. In reptiles, all trunk vertebrae carry ribs and are called dorsal vertebrae. In many species, though not in mammals, the cervical vertebrae bear ribs. In many other groups, such as lizards and dinosaurs, the cervical ribs are large; in birds, they are small and completely fused to the vertebrae. The vertebral transverse processes of mammals are homologous to the cervical ribs of other amniotes. By convention, the cervical vertebrae are numbered, with the rst one (c1) closest to the skull and higher numbered vertebrae (c2 c7) proceeding away from the skull and down the spine. The general characteristics of the third through sixth cervical vertebrae are described here. The rst, second, and seventh vertebrae are extraordinary, and are detailed later.

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