BIOL 1113 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Geologic Time Scale, Vascular Tissue, Cuticle
Document Summary
Prokaryotes: bacteria, archaea, eukaryotes, plants algae, algae, fungi. Using geological time scale to give a reference when major groups evolved: ex. 3700 years" evidence of bacteria: ruled the world for many years, around -2500 green algae formed, took a step from heterotrophic to autotrophic. Tree of life-plants: bottom-green algae, basic-bryophytes, liverworts-6000, mosses-12000, mosses, hornworts-100, vascular plants, lycophytes-1200, ferns-12000, gymnosperms-900, angiosperms-270000, seed plants, gymnosperms, angiosperms. Sprophytes (depends on gametophyte: after embryo, has undergone mitosis (diploid, physically attached to gametophytes, wind disperses the spores. Facts: large bryophytes have specialized cells for h20+ nutrient transport, some have stomata=open stromata=plant dies out quickly, males: antheridia, female: archegonia. Vascular plants: cuticle on epidermis seals leaf against water loss, vascular tissue. Lycophytes: earliest branching group of vascular plants, have a single vein, spike mosses, quill worts, club mosses. Ferns: whisker ferns, horsetails, true ferns. In bc, the trees are all covered with bryophytes because of the frequent rain, 1530 mm annual rain.
