BIOL 1123 Lecture Notes - Lecture 33: Anabolism, Gene Expression, Collagen
13 Apr 2018
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Document Summary
Large genomes can produce proteomes with 1000s of different proteins. Despite the fact that a human liver and muscle cell are the same, their functions are different, undue to differential gene expression. Metabolic enzymes: accelerate chemical reactions within the cell and assist the breakdown of molecules - catabolism, or the synthesis of molecules - anabolism. Structural proteins: involved in providing shape and form to cells and organism. Motor proteins: use energy to facilitate intercellular movements and movements of whole cells. Cell-signalling proteins: needed so that cells can respond to environmental signals and send signals to each other. Ex: hormones, hormone receptors and intercellular proteins that form signal cascades that is needed by all species. Transport proteins: diverse array of membrane proteins are involved in the transport of ions and molecules across membranes. Gene expression and regulation proteins: transcription, mrna modification and translation. Genes must be regulated and expressed at the correct times and in the correct amounts.
