PHIL 1413 Lecture 15: Immanuel Kant: The Foundation of Good Will, part 2

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cyanreindeer497

5 Nov 2018

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Human beings have more than we have reason. There"s a just reason natural instinct we have reason. To have a unique kind of contentment that sometimes interferes with your natural instinct animals ) , f like ex : our. Stealing instinct would be nice and clashes with easy will good but it isnt the right thing . Kant believes that everyone has good will inside them as an inherent faculty . It does not need to be guided towards the eight . taught just. Actions performed in accordance with duty " from the motive of duty . 3 donates loop to charity for for to charity to charity the purpose of donating . a tax break because they feel sympathetic . 2 : you must be moral when your inclination but rather you perform an for duty . action not for.

Related Questions

The data below indicated how much solar radiation is availableaveraged over a month for Eugene Oregon and Bend Oregon. The unitsare KWH per square meter per day.

So, for example, we see that in March there are 3.8 KWH per squaremeter per day. Therefore if we had 100 square meters we wouldreceive 3.8 x 100 x 30 (days per month) 11400 KWH of energy overthat month. But, we have to factor in PV panel efficiency and if weassume it to be 10% in this case then our output is 1140 KWHs ofenergy for that month.

Using this procedure combined with the data below, approximatelyhow big of PV array (in units of square kilometers) would be neededin order to power Eugene for a year if you built it in Eugenecompared to if you built it in Bend.

To do this you need to sum up all the individual months output foryour array size. Show all work.

The target number your trying to reach with the output of your PVarray is an annual output of 3 Billion KWHs.

Note: this problem is not difficult - its easy to setup in aspreadsheet. Your guessing at the size of the array - so pick asize, determine each month's yield for that size (e.g. at 100meters the March yield in eugene is 1140 KWHs) and sum up the 12months can compare that the target value of 3 Billion KWHs. If yourless than that, you need a bigger array.

Finally, at a cost of 400$ per square meter what is the total costof your array in Eugene and your array in Bend?

City JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Eugene 2.0 2.7 3.8 4.7 5.3 5.5 6.2 6.0 5.5 3.8 2.1 1.6
Bend 3.0 3.8 4.9 5.7 6.2 6.4 7.0 6.9 6.4 5.1 3.2 2.7

The data below indicated how much solar radiation is availableaveraged over a month for Eugene Oregon and Bend Oregon. The unitsare KWH per square meter per day.
So, for example, we see that in March there are 3.8 KWH per squaremeter per day. Therefore if we had 100 square meters we wouldreceive 3.8 x 100 x 30 (days per month) 11400 KWH of energy overthat month. But, we have to factor in PV panel efficiency and if weassume it to be 10% in this case then our output is 1140 KWHs ofenergy for that month.

Using this procedure combined with the data below, approximatelyhow big of PV array (in units of square kilometers) would be neededin order to power Eugene for a year if you built it in Eugenecompared to if you built it in Bend.

To do this you need to sum up all the individual months output foryour array size. Show all work.

The target number your trying to reach with the output of your PVarray is an annual output of 3 Billion KWHs.

Note: this problem is not difficult - its easy to setup in aspreadsheet. Your guessing at the size of the array - so pick asize, determine each month's yield for that size (e.g. at 100meters the March yield in eugene is 1140 KWHs) and sum up the 12months can compare that the target value of 3 Billion KWHs. If yourless than that, you need a bigger array.

Finally, at a cost of 400$ per square meter what is the total costof your array in Eugene and your array in Bend?

City JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUG SEP OCT NOV DEC
Eugene 2.0 2.7 3.8 4.7 5.3 5.5 6.2 6.0 5.5 3.8 2.1 1.6
Bend 3.0 3.8 4.9 5.7 6.2 6.4 7.0 6.9 6.4 5.1 3.2 2.7

An important question to consider when thinking about globalwarming is, "If the ice sheets near the poles melt, how much willthe sea level rise?" This seems like a difficult question, giventhe odd shapes of both the ice sheets and the oceans. But there aresome accurate approximations that allow the answer to be estimatedfairly accurately with reasonably simple calculations.

The critical idea is that both the thickness of the ice sheets andthe amounts of the sea-level rise are extremely small compared tothe radius of the earth. The radius of the earth is about 2/p x 107m -- more than 6000 kilometers. The ice sheet thicknesses we willbe concerned with are single digit miles and the sea level riseswill be in dozens of feet. As a result, in thinking about them, wecan essentially ignore the curvature of the earth. We can imaginepeeling the map of the earth off a globe and flattening it out (bymaking cuts, not by stretching it, so that we preserve the area).Then, both the ice and the sea level rise can be treated as right(not tilted) cylinders (though with funny shaped bases and tops).Since we know that the volume of a right cylinder is the area ofthe base times the height, we can easily estimate all the volumeswe need. A schematic picture of this approximation (with the heightof the ice mass greatly exaggerated -- you couldn't see it if Ididn't) is shown below. The error in these approximations is on theorder of the height of the cylinder considered divided by theradius of the earth; a very small number.
a. Assume that (after flattening the surface of the earth in ourimaginations) the ice sheet to be considered covers an area, A, andhas a thickness, d. The oceans currently cover about 75% of theearth's surface, and note that the surface area of a sphere is 4pr2where r is the radius of the sphere.

Generate an equation that will allow you to calculate h, the heightthe ocean levels will rise due to the melting of a an ice sheet interms of A, d, and r

b. As shown in the combined satellite photo on the right (fromGoogle Earth), Greenland is covered by a sheet of ice. This ice hasbeen measured to have a mean thickness of about 2 km. Recentobservations indicate that this ice sheet is beginning to retreat-- that it is melting at an accelerating rate.

Using the depth of the ice sheet and the scale given on thepicture, estimate how much sea level rise would be produced by themelting of the entire ice sheet lying on Greenland. (Note: You caneasily look this information up on the web. But the goal of thisproblem is in part to develop your estimation skills for thepurpose of building your ability to decide for yourself whether anygiven piece of information you find on the web is reasonable orbogus.)

PHIL 1413 Lecture 15: Immanuel Kant: The Foundation of Good Will, part 2

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