BIOL 1F90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Archaea, Anagenesis, Cladogenesis
1 Apr 2017
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Molecular clocks favourable mutations rare and detrimental mutations eliminated. Primate evolution example evolutionary relationships derived by comparing dna sequences for cytochrome oxidase subunit ii: tends to change fairly rapidly on an evolutionary timescale. State what the three domains of life are (24. 1): bacteria, archaea, eukarya. Describe what homologous traits are (24. 1): similar by virtue of descent. Understand what a phylogeny represents (24. 2): an hypothesis of evolutionary relationships, testable and can be modified as new information becomes available. Describe the difference between shared primitive and shared derived characters (24. 2): symplesiomorphic, synapomorphic. Differentiate among monophyletic, paraphyletic, and polyphyletic groups (24. 2): only monophyletic groups should be used. Explain why a classification system containing class reptilia and class aves is not valid: aves is a branch within the reptilia, not a branch of equal taxonomic rank, identify cladogenetic and/or anagenetic events on a phylogenetic tree (24. 2). Explain why only shared, derived characters indicate close evolutionary relationship (24. 3): synapomorphic traits.
