BIOL 1F90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Primase, Senescence, Hydrogen Bond

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raspberrycrab608

12 Jan 2016

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Fragments are eventually connected to each other to form a continuous. Multiple rna primers are made (not made at origin; made near replication fork as single stranded dna; direction is opposite to fork movement) Synthesis of dna is in pieces, okazaki fragments lagging strand. Rna primers will be removed by a special dna polymerase and filled in with dna. Dna ligase will join adjacent dna fragments. Binds to dna and travels 5" to 3" using atp to separate strand and move fork forward. Keep parental strands open to act as templates. Dna polymerase breaks a covalent bond to release pyrophosphate (2 phosphate groups) The remaining deoxynucleoside monophosphate is covalently linked to the growing. 2 important features of dna polymerase alone: dna polymerase can only work 5" to 3", dna polymerase cannot begin dna synthesis on a bare template strand. The enzyme can only add nucleotides to a nucleic acid polymer.

Related Questions

Order the following steps of the DNA replication process fromfirst to last. (From 1 to 8)

DNA ligase joins Okazaki fragmments together

Elongation of leading strands occurs continuosly and elongationof lagging strands occurs via generation of Okazaki fragments. Bothare synthesized in 5' to 3' direction.

DNA polymerase I removes the RNA primers and replaces them withDNA nucleotides

DNA polymerase III starts adding DNA nucleotides to the 3' endof the existing RNA chain.

Helicase untwists the double helix at the replication fork

Single-stranded binding proteins bind the unpaired DNA strands,keeping them from re-pairing.

Topoisomerase helps releive the strain caused by DNA untwisting.It breaks, swivels and rejoins DNA strands.

Primase starts a complementary RNA chain using parental DNAstrand as a template

lilacgoose192

1. During DNA replication, proteins unwind the DNA duplex, and separate the DNA strands. Those proteins include:

a.) DNA polymerase and ligase

b.) Single-stranded DNA binding and protein primase

c.) Helicase and DNA polymerase

d.) Helicase and single-stranded DNA binding protein

2. What determines the nucleotide sequence of the newly synthesized strand during DNA replication?

a.) The particular DNA polymerase catalyzing the reaction

b.) The relative amounts of the four nucleotide triphosphates (ATP, GTP, CTP, and TTP) in the cell

c.) The nucleotide sequence of the template strand

d.) The primase used in the reaction

e.) Both A and D

3. The leading and the lagging strands differ in that

a.) The leading strand is synthesized in the same direction as the movement of the replication fork, and the lagging strand is synthesized in the opposite direction.

b.) The leading strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 3â hydroxyl (OH) end of the growing strand, and the lagging strand is synthesized by adding nucleotides to the 5â phosphate (PO4) end.

c.) The leading strand is synthesized continuously, whereas the lagging strand is synthesized in short fragments that are ultimately stitched together.

d.) Both A and B

e.) Both A and C

DNA synthesis: leading vs lagging strands during replication, Okazaki fragments, 5â to 3â direction vs 3â to 5â direction, meaning of âantiparallelâ, role of DNA ligase, role of DNA polymerase

Transcription/translation, RNA/DNA, template strand vs non-template strand, introns vs exons

Relationship of DNA mutation to cancer.

Relationship of RNA to DNA, and RNA to proteins?

Meaning of semiconservative replication.

Codons (triplets) are part of what molecule?

Codons vs anticodons.

Functions of the different types of RNA.

Ribosome structure (including the E site, P site and A site).

BIOL 1F90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Primase, Senescence, Hydrogen Bond

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