BIOL 2P02 Lecture : Retroviruses, LINEs, SINEs, etc.
18 Dec 2011
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Document Summary
> retroviruses derived poor ancient injection of germ cells. > proviruses pass on to next generation because they remain in the genome. > retrovirus: reverse transcriptase polymerises dna bases onto rna. > hiv is somatic cell infector, but can also infect germline cells (that make eggs and sperm) Types of repeats: tandem, interspersed, mobile, and sattelite. Number of copies of interspersed repeats observed in the draft of. > rna uses reverse transcriptase to make rna/dna, and then dna/dna double helix permanently embedded into the genome. > if integrated into the germline (not into somatic cells) it will be passed on vertically. > reverse transcriptase turns it back into dna for reinsertion into the genome. > two movements: dna transposons (cut & paste) > inserted into new site: retrotransposons, remenants of retroviruses (copy & paste) > 50% of the human genome consists of transposable elements. > half as many transposes exist as there are coding/replicating mechanisms.
