BIOL 3P34 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Activin And Inhibin, Neural Tube, Transforming Growth Factor Beta

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After gastrulation, formation of mesoderm below ectoderm, nervous system will form from ectoderm (in the frog). Ectoderm not contact with mesoderm will form skin. After gastrulation: 3 layers are already created and begin communicating with each other, creation of neural tube. Mesoderm will condense to become notochord which will become a signaling pattern. Frogs have animal cap and invading marginal zone which will become mesoderm and ends up below animal cap. Without mesoderm, the animal cap becomes epidermis, while with the animal cap it becomes neural tissue. We need signal from mesoderm to ectoderm to become neural tissue. Cells moving to blastoceal at imz become mesoderm and overlying cells gain neuralpotential. Mesoderm cells play a causative role in determining neurogenic region. To prove sufficiency, you can take a piece of mesoderm and transfer to albino host. Formation of secondary neural tube, leading to 2 headed tadpole. That piece of tissue is sufficient to induce neural tissue.

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