BIOL 3P34 Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Neural Tube Defect, Spina Bifida, Neural Crest

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At the end of neurulation you have a tube and crest. At intersection where neural tube vaginated, these magical cells are secreted- jack of all trade cells, give rise to pigment, neurons. Mesoderm goes from flat and condenses to notochord- made of the same cells as mesoderm. Neural fold,groove, crest cells in the middle- memorize these keys from the video, but will also show on next slides. Induction of neural plate -layers on top of each other, neurulation-formation of neural tube. Neurulation defects- anencephaly- reduction of head, spina bifida- excess of back/spine. 50% of neural tube defects prevent with supplemental folic acid. Notochord is ventral and neural tube is dorsal. Certain genes are expressed specifically in dorsal or ventral. Sensory are made dorsaly and motor are ventrically. Homeodomain proteins define six progenitor domains-delineated pattern exists. If there is a second notochord on lateral side of neural tube, secondary motor neuron is form adjacent to high concentration of notochord.

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