CHYS 3P24 Lecture Notes - Lecture 8: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Biology Of Depression, Impulsivity
Child and Youth Studies
CHYS 3P24
Dr. J. McNamara
Nov 6, 2017
Children with Exceptionalities
▪ Fink et al.
– Particularly prone to bullying
– Two thirds of children with SEN
Bully Victims
▪ Significant increase in bullying also
– Why?
– Adaptive response
Why?
▪ Characteristics of children with SEN
ADHD
Characteristics
▪ Age-inappropriate degrees of inattention and impulsivity, with and without hyperactivity
▪ Chronic and serious inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and/or impulsivity
▪ Cause unclear – thought to be neurological
▪ Affects approximately 5% of the students population
Characteristics of ADHD
▪ 3 broad categories
– Attention disorder
▪ Difficulty sustaining attention
▪ Affects school work, play, remembering
– Hyperactivity – impulsivity disorder
▪ Can’t remain still or stay on task
▪ Appear hyperactive and impulsive
– Combo
▪ Both characteristics
▪ 6 from both categories
Secondary Features
Behavioural
Intelligence and academic achievement
May perform somewhat lower on intelligence tests,
Academic failure is common
56% need tutoring
30% may repeat a grade
30–40% may receive special education placement
10–35% may fail to graduate high school
What causes ADHD
▪ Many theories but still unclear
▪ Lower brain response to stimuli
– Chemical imbalance
– Dopamine and norepinephrine deficiency
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