HLSC 1F90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 19: Clinical Pathology, Cellular Adaptation, Pathology

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Diagnosing diseases uses clinical findings (exams and family history), and radiological results. Pathological findings refer to examinations of tissue removed from body. Pathology refers to the science of disease diagnosis through examination of organs, tissues, cells and bodily fluids at every level of biology. Pathology involves diagnosing diseases by comparing infected patients organ functions with those of normal people (ex. to diagnose acute renal failure, a scan of a patient"s kidneys must be compared to that of a scan of healthy kidneys) Disease follows the diagnosis pathway of etiology pathogenesis biochemical/morphological changes functional changes natural history. Early pathologists primarily practiced voodoo medicine , which was not very fact-based until the 20th century. Diagnosis refers specifically to identification of a disease, whereas the grade of a disease is the degree of deviation from the normal, and stage refers to the extent of the disease. Staging of cancer diagnoses is usually based on the following criteria:

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