HLSC 2P09 Lecture Notes - Lecture 6: Secretion, Pancreatic Islets, Androstenedione
27 Jan 2018
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Document Summary
Structure of the nervous system: central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, somatic, autonomic. Efferent pns: somatic, cns -> skeletal muscle, autonomic, cns -> preganglionic fiber -> ganglion -> postganglionic fiber -> smooth or cardiac muscles, glands, or gi neurons. Somatic ns neuromuscular junction: myelinated axon, dendrites bind to muscle plasma membrane, acetylcholine vesicle, motor endplate, stability of the internal environment is achieved through balanced inputs and outputs. Mechanisms of homeostasis: neural, afferent sensory, efferent response, hormonal, endocrine glands, sometimes involves neural response first. Hormones regulate: the metabolic functions of the body, the rates of chemical reactions in the cells, transport of substances, growth, reproduction. Where are these endocrine cells: found in different organs, grouped to form endocrine gland, a gland is an organ that secretes. Glands: pineal, hypothalamus, pituitary, thyroid, parathyroids, thymus, adrenal, pancreas (pancreatic islets, ovaries (female, testes (male) Insulin, glucagon, growth factors: amines, epinephrine, serotonin, thyroxine, steroids, aldosterone, cortisol, retinoic acid.
