HLSC 3P93 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Ghrelin, Gestational Diabetes, Diabetes Mellitus Type 2
11 Feb 2014
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Lecture 4 energy balance and body weight. Energy balance nurture (environment 75%) nature (genetics 25%: energy in = energy out. Control of food intake: central control - hypothalamus, peripheral control gi neuromuscular (e. g. distension, osmoreceptors, chemoreceptors) endocrine (e. g. cck, ghrelin, insulin, glucagon, leptin, adiponectin) Adipose tissue: storage site for energetically rich fuel, metabolically active endocrine organ leptin signals a feeling of being full adiponectin -- glucose production - ffa synthesis. Estimating energy needs equations (e. g. eer, harris-benedict) indirect or direct calorimetry doubly labelled water (gold standard in free living subjects) Control of energy expenditure: obligatory -- resting energy expenditure & thermic effect of food. Facultative -- physical activity energy expenditure & thermic effect of food above obligatory (metabolic inefficiencies) Percent canadians with bmi > 25 59% Percent canadians with bmi > 30 23% Percent canadian children and adolescents with bmi > 85th percentile 29%
