KINE 1P90 Lecture Notes - Lecture 14: Nasal Hair, Macrophage, Trachea
1 Apr 2017
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Document Summary
Kine 1p90- anatomy of the respiratory system. The cells of the body need a continual supply of oxygen to support their energy- generating chemical reactions. The carbon dioxide produced during these reactions must be eliminated from the body at the same rate as produced. Respiration- the processes that cause passive movement of o2 from the atmosphere to the tissues and the passive movement of co2 from the tissues to the atmosphere. Reflex mechanisms close off the trachea and larynx during swallowing so food and drink doesn"t enter the lungs. The oesophagus stays closed except during swallowing to keep air from entering the stomach while breathing. The trachea and bronchi are rigid tubes encircled by cartilage rings that prevent them from closing. The bronchioles have no cartilage and contain smooth muscle that is inntervated by the autonomic nervous system, the smooth muscle is also sensitive to hormones and local chemicals. Contractions of this smooth muscle regulates airflow to the lungs.
