BIOL 1010 Lecture Notes - Lecture 3: Ploidy, Gene Mapping, Dna Replication
15 Dec 2017
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Document Summary
Dna is condensed into visible chromosomes for only brief periods in a cells life. Information can be passed largely an unaltered from cell-to-cell, generation to generation. Prokaryotes have circular chromosomes and smaller circular plasmids. Karyotypes are arranged pictures of chromosomes at their most condensed form: all chromosomes are in homologous pairs. Dna strands with similar sequences will form partial duplexes or hybrids with each other. Closer evolutionary relationship between species equals more similar dna sequences. This is used to fish out a similar gene from diff species, if he gene sequence is known. Fish fluorescence in situhybridization: a process which vividly paints chromosomes or portions of chromosomes with fluorescent dna probes, identifies chromosomal abnormalities, aids in gene mapping, toxicological studies, analysis of chromosome structural aberrations, and ploidy determination. Cell division: replication, mitosis, cytokinesis, cell actually divides. Cells are always going through cell division and the characteristics stages that constitute as the cell cycle.
