BIOL 1103 Lecture Notes - Lecture 1: Maltose, Thymine, Base Pair
3 Nov 2016
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Document Summary
Organs --> tissues --> organelles --> molecules. Biosphere --> ecosystem --> community --> organisms --> populations. Biomacromolecules: proteins, carbs, lipids, nucleic acids. Reproduces itself by a process of cell division --> mitosis. Organisms reproduce themselves: consider concepts of heredity/variation, genetics. A relatively small number of naturally occurring elements are found in organisms. Molecular diversity arising from carbon skeleton variation: carbon chains --> skeleton of most organic molecules, vary in length in shape. Functional groups confer properties on carbon skeleton: number and arrangement of functional groups give molecules unique properties, 7 are most important. Carboxyl group: acids (donate h+ to solution) Amino group: bases (accepts proton from solution, amino acids (n-c-c backbone) Phosphate group: chemical reactions in cells. At pka, ionized and unionized forms are at equilibrium. At ph = 7, where cells exist (neutral), amino acid is at zwitterion. At different ph levels, different reactions happen. Compounds with same molecular formula, but different structures and properties.
