BIOL 1902 Lecture Notes - Sphingidae, Automeris Io, Swallowtail Butterfly

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taupezebra881

29 Mar 2012

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When camouflage and cryptic behaviour fails, some animals have a second defence or. Startle patterns: bright colours and patterns that when exposed startle the predator giving time for the animal to escape. Examples: bright yellow on inside of legs of gray tree frog. Huge eye-spots on io moth and polyphemus moth hind wings. Distraction patterns: patterns that serve to distract or deflect a predator"s attention to a non-vital body part. These are often but not always startle patterns also. Deflection patterns: another name for distraction patterns that also serve this function. Some small butterflies have eye-spots and fake antennae on hind wings that serve as. Examples: hairstreak butterflies, also swallowtail butterflies; five-lined skink blue tail serves as to distract and deflect. Permanent eyespots (never hidden) can be used to fool a predator into thinking the animal is bigger than it really is. Disguise through behaviour: some animals add bits of environment to body to disguise:

Related Questions

Which statement(s) is(are) not true about Hox genes?

a. A single Hox gene expresses in a specific region of theanimal and directs morphological patterns of that region only.

b. They are highly conserved across species.

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ivorybat812

1. Imagine you are doing a summer internship as a research assistant at Mountain Lake Biological Station in Virginia. During your internship you observe two distinct species of butterflies in the area. They have similar body shapes and they both drink nectar. But their color patterns are different; one is bright green and one is dark green. You further observe that their habitat ranges overlap, but are distinct in that the dark green butterfly prefers shady, cool forest interiors while the bright green butterfly prefers sunny meadows. Both species are camouflaged well in their respective habitats. You have seen both species preyed upon by birds. Finally, the population size of the two species is about equal. Based on the information given, was the evolution of these two species of butterflies more likely due to natural selection or genetic drift? Write an answer in which you concisely define both mechanisms, state which evolutionary mechanism is more likely and logically explain why.

2. You are studying a population of cheetahs and discover that across most loci you find fewer heterozygotes than expected and more homozygotes. What are two possible explanations of this result? What impact might this have on population fitness? This answer can be brief, not a long essay.

byzantiumfrog217

John Endler studied color patterns in guppies that are found in streams in the tropical forests of Venezuela. He noticed that males and females were sexually dimorphic, with males displaying numerous bright spots and other colorations, while females were typically drab in color. However, in natural populations there is considerable variation in the brightness of male coloration, with males in some populations being very bright and males in other populations being less brightly colored. Endler did a series of experimental studies in natural and artificial environments, where he varied predation pressure by either introducing, or excluding guppy predators. He found that male guppies from high predation environments became less brightly colored over the course of several generations, while males in low predation environments became more brightly colored. Please explain these results.

lemonwasp143

BIOL 1902 Lecture Notes - Sphingidae, Automeris Io, Swallowtail Butterfly

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