BUSI 2101 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Goal Setting, Cognitive Evaluation Theory, Reinforcement
22 Apr 2016
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A: prestige, salary (money), fulfilment, status and respect. Motivation: the psychological forces that determine the direction of people"s behaviour, their level of effort, and their level of persistence. Direction what a person is trying to do (where they are directing their effort). Focus on what motivates employees (e. g. maslow"s hierarchy) Based on assumption that individuals have needs that create internal tensions that they are motivated to fulfill. Focus on how motivation is evoked (e. g. , goal-setting theory: set objectives and expectations) Reinforcement: modifying employees" behaviour through the appropriate use of immediate rewards and punishments. Governed by the law of effect/principal of operant conditioning: Reinforced behaviour is repeated, behaviour that is not reinforced is not repeated. Reinforcement techniques can be used in tandem (one in front of the other). Positive reinforcement: give pleasant consequences (rewards) following desired behaviour. Negative reinforcement: withdraw unpleasant consequences following desired behaviour. Note: positive reinforcement leads to higher performance, well-being and affective/relational benefits among employees.
