CRCJ 3001 Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Burglary, Physical Attractiveness, Sample Size Determination
Document Summary
Example sigall & ostrove (1975: studied the effects of defendant physical attractiveness on recommended sentence, crime 1: burglary; attractive, crime 2: fraud; unattractive. Definition of between-subjects design: experiments in which different participants take part in different conditions, participants exposed to one condition each, aka between-participants, pretest/post-test control group, independent groups, unrelated- groups or uncorrelated-groups designs. Involve a control group & an experimental group: control group, established so that comparisons can be made, used as the baseline, normally exposed to some placebo or neutral treatment, experimental group, group exposed to the treatment intervention. Three crucial elements: control over extraneous variables, methods of dealing w pre-treatment similarity of groups, manipulation of treatment. Advantages of b-s experimental design: each participant starts the study fresh, na ve re: procedures to be tested, no carryover effects, no pre-conceived expectations, less likely to be tired & bored. Disadvantages of b-s experimental design: large numbers of people may need to be recruited, tested & debriefed.