ENST 2500 Lecture Notes - Lecture 5: Silicate Minerals, Magnesium, Environmental Geology
Document Summary
Subcycles: tectonic cycle, rock cycle, hydrologic cycle, biogeochemical cycle. Study of earth"s interior structure: knowledge primarily through the study of seismology, seismology: study of earthquakes and seismic waves, examining the paths and speeds of seismic waves. Reflection and refraction: two basic types of seismic waves. Body waves: p waves and s waves. Seismic s wave: secondary or shear waves, the direction of particle vibration perpendicular to that of propagation, propagates slower than p waves, body wave, propagating through earth"s interior, but not its liquid layers. Reconstructing paleocontinents: supercontinent pangea at the end of the paleozoic era, -250 ma, figure 2. 8, figure 2. 4. Convergent plate boundary: figure 2. 11, oceanic-continental boundary ex. Isostasy: greek for (cid:498)equal standing(cid:499, crustal loading, as by ice, water, sediments or downwarping; removal of load leads to isostatic uplift or upwarping. Transform fault boundaries: figure 2. 21, figure 2. 6. The rock cycle in some cases, non-mineral solid matter.