ERTH 2403 Lecture 11: Marine Animals Cont’d
26 Oct 2018
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Streamlined body shape: flippers, flukes for propulsion, slippery skin and hair to reduce drag, allows them to move more efficiently and faster through the water, 2. Endotherms high metabolic rate (cid:862)warm blooded fish and other organisms(cid:863) (cid:862)adjust te(cid:373)perature to the te(cid:373)perature of the e(cid:374)(cid:448)iro(cid:374)(cid:373)e(cid:374)t the(cid:455)"re i(cid:374)(cid:863) Insulating fat (most of them) and or fur. Large size: surface to volume ratio is small: smallest is the sea otter, 3. Another adaptation is they can shut off less important areas so that only the heart and brain are flushed with oxygen. Heart rate also slows from 120 bpm to just 5. At deeper depths water is much cooler, circulate blood out through skin which cools the brain, and a cooler brain needs less oxygen: 4. Osmotic adaptations: no salt excreting glands, skin impervious to water, do not drink sea water, water comes from food, saline urine output from kidneys, some general adaptations to the marine environment, 1.
