LING 3505 Lecture Notes - Lecture 17: Downward Entailing, Polarity Item
30 May 2016
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All as are s a s. No a is s - |a s|= 0. |a b| = a few: both avenues are broad (both tends to mean two) |a b| = 2 & |a|=2: fewer than five aubergines are baked. You can"t put them in just any sentence. There are rules that bind them to specific contexts. More negative polarity items: yet, any, at all, ever. They appear in certain contexts: never, hardly, without, before. By removing the negative connotation, it has upward entailment. [six x: dog (x)] run (x: alicia passed every message to ralph. [every x: message (x)] pass (a, x, r) b. [something x: spicy (x)] eat (j, x: five films that jenny had chosen were prizewinners. [five x: film (x) & chose (j, x)] prizewinners (x: the ufo that abducted carla was luxurious. [the x: ufo (x) & abduct (x, c)] luxurious (x)
