BIOL 200 Lecture Notes - Enzyme Inhibitor, Clomifene, Ovulation

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Haploid nucleus is surrounded by cytoplasm / with enzymes and organelles. Outside plasma membrane is a glycoprotein coat called a jelly coat. Acrosome reaction: contact of jelly coat and sperm, triggers ca2+ to enter membrane of sperm, causes acrosome to burst / releases enzymes / digest jelly coat. // enzymes: hyluronidase + acrosin: sperm filament attaches to receptor on vitelline membrane, sperm and egg plasma membranes fuse, sperm nucleus enters egg, tail and middle piece remain outside. Depolarisation of membrane / blocks entry of more sperm. 2 oocyte undergoes 2nd division of meiosis / produces ovum + second polar body. Nuclei (ovum + sperm) fuse forming a zygote. Pituitary gland fails to produce fsh and prevents ovulation: treatment: injections of fsh, side effects: may produce several eggs at the same time ( twins) Too much oestrogen is secreted which inhibits fsh secretion: treatment: non-steroidal drugs (e. g. clomiphene) which oppose action of oestrogen.

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