GEOL 210 Lecture : GEOL 210 – Sept 16th Lec 5.pdf
16 Sep 2014
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Geol 210 sept 16th lec 5. Two more rules to identify minerals : Two main groups of minerals: silicates and non- silicates. Continental shelf mostly silicate minerals but few non silicates. Native elements: gold or silver. Silicate minerals: all main of silicon and oxygen. The number of each of these elements depends on how the magma cools down. Each one of these groups has a very specific structure very simple to very complex. Olivine group, pyroxene group, amphibole group, etc. Isolated tetreahedron chain silicates double- chain silicates sheet silicates framework silicates. Single chain silicate: single- chain tetrahedron bonding. Double- chain structure: going to bond in the other direction two chains are going to bond together. *biotite darker because more iron. Main ingredient in sand: quartz (used to make windows before) Non- silicates: see table in some cases easy or hard to id. Another away of classifying minerals: Convection cells probably drive the tectonic cycle (eg boiling water and macaroni)
