BIOL 1011 Lecture Notes - Lecture 4: Humoral Immunity, Histocompatibility, Perforin
25 Feb 2014
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Skin sweat and oil glands leave skin at a ph between 3-5 (slightly acidic) Creates a barrier: digestive tract lysozyme, tears contain lysozyme, washes material out of the eye gastric juice. Digestion tract connects to environment outside which is why it is considered external: respiratory tract. In case it gets past external defense i) Cell innate defenses: phagocytic in blood, some organs, etc. More blood is rushed to this spot, bringing clotting elements, antimicrobial proteins and phagocytes (this is why cuts are warm, red and swollen; because more blood and all these things are brought) Injured or infected cells stimulate release of neutrophils. Macrophages secrete chemicals that may cause a fever. Fevers speed up metabolism and thus the work of phagocytic cells: systemic. Epitopes stimulate immune responses: for each epitope there is a pool of lymphocytes, epitope and the receptor have to have a reaction to get the immune system going ii) Receptors on their surface that recognize specific epitopes.
