BIOL 2020 Lecture Notes - Neurofibromatosis Type I, Down Syndrome, Edwards Syndrome
11 Apr 2014
School
Department
Course
Professor
Document Summary
Natural selection: evolutionary process that favours individuals of a species that are best adapted to survive and reproduce. Importance was not developing new skin or a new shell but rather developing strategies that help with survival. One cell --> a fetus consisting of 6 trillion cells (at birth) (slide on owl) Cytoplasm: outer area - generates product for growth and functioning. A threadlike structure made up of 1000"s of genes. There are 46 chromosomes in the cell nucleus. Each pair (one from the father and one from the mother) Located on the same site on a chromosome pair. Dna is translated to rna and finally a protein is made (slide on owl) Mutations: abnormality at any stage of translation produces abnormal protein. Once it occurs, mutations are apart of a person"s genetic code. Point mutation: caused by a single base pair. Phenylketonuria (pku): error in producing enzyme to breakdown phenylalanine. Protein neurofibromin (a tumor suppressor) is not formed.
