NURS 2050 Lecture Notes - Lecture 7: Small-Cell Carcinoma, Tumor Suppressor Gene, Lymph Node
19 Jan 2017
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Neoplastic cells ignore genetic controls resulting in: excessive cellular proliferation (autonomy, loss of cellular differentiation (anaplasia) Poorly differentiated because it differs so much from the tissue of origin metastatic cancer cells, very malignant. Looking at if there are normal tissue margins around it, around a biopsy etc. Worried that the(cid:455) did(cid:374)"t get all the (cid:272)a(cid:374)(cid:272)er if the(cid:455) (cid:272)a(cid:374)(cid:374)ot get the e(cid:374)tire tu(cid:373)our out (cid:449)ithout (cid:449)orr(cid:455)i(cid:374)g that i"(cid:448)e gotten it all. If the margins show cancer cells = bad, need chemotherapy. Cancer cells differ from normal cells in the following ways. Primary site is the site where the cancer is first found. Primary basis of carcinogenesis is damage to specific genes. Cancer is caused by inherited genes, mutations or introduced. These are the genes that regulate cell cycle, direct repair, replication and apoptosis. These are also the gees that regulate cell function by increasing or decreasing enzymes, structures like receptors or hormones.
