NURS 2090 Lecture Notes - Peristalsis, Basal Ganglia, Major Depressive Episode
16 Apr 2013
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Altered neuronal transmission: cell body/ soma: filled with cytoplasm + nucleus, dendrites: branched ends that transmit impulses to the cell body, axon: carry impulses away from cell body. Supporting cells: glia: provides support + nutrition, maintain homeostasis and form myelin that covers neurons in the brain, oligodendrocytes: myelin segments around multilayered axons in the brain (cns, schwann cells: myelin on single axon in pns. Membrane potential: difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of the cell. Neural communication: flow of information across a synapse: electrical: through gap junctions, fast and direct, multidirectional, chemical: neurotransmitters between nerve cells/excitable cells, unidirectional. Synapse structures: presynaptic terminal, synaptic cleft, postsynaptic membrane. Hyperpolarization: away from threshold (more negative) ** promotes inhibition. Interruption of nt: reuptake, diffusion, enzymatic breakdown. Types of nt: amino acids: glutamic acid, gaba, peptides: endorphins, substance p, monoamines: serotonin, dopamine, ne. Lobes: are divided by sulci (fissures), and gyri (convolutions) Parietal: perception of touch, pressure, temperature and pain.
