PHED-2506EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 15: Lingual Papilla, Special Senses, Taste Bud
14 Dec 2018
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Document Summary
Special senses of body include: vision (photoreceptors, taste (chemoreceptors, smell (chemoreceptors, hearing (mechanoreceptors, equilibrium (mechanoreceptors) Also use special sensory receptors which are distinct receptor cells localized in head region: not like modified nerves of general receptors. Chemical senses- gustation (taste) and olfaction (smell: their chemoreceptors respond to chemicals in aqueous solution, taste: to substances dissolved in saliva. Smell: to substances dissolved in fluids of nasal membranes. Taste buds: each gourd-shaped taste bud consists of two major cell types, gustatory cells taste cells, basal cells dynamic stem cells. In order to be tasted, a chemical: must be dissolved in saliva, must be contact gustatory hairs, binding of the food chemical, depolarizes the taste cell membrane, releasing neurotransmitter. Initiates a generator potential that elicits an action potential. Influence of other sensations of taste: taste is 80% smell, thermoreceptors, mechanoreceptors, nociceptors also influence tastes, temperature and texture enhance or detract from taste. Sense of smell (olfaction: olfactory epithelium: organ of smell.
