PSYC-1105EL Lecture Notes - Lecture 10: Albert Bandura, Social Learning Theory, Learned Helplessness
12 Jun 2018
School
Department
Course
Professor
PSYC 1105: Introduction to Psychology
Monday November 6 2017
FILM NOTES
Reflexes.
Fixed-action patterns: sequences of action triggered automatically by envi or biological events
and performed the same way by every member of a species for example, migration south of
geese.
Possessing a higher capacity for learning leads to higher adaptability.
Ivan Pavlov was one of the most important contributors to the study of learning, due to his
experiments with dogs regarding classical conditioning (linking stimuli sequentially)
US -> UCR. .
Introduce NEUTRAL STIMULUS before US.
NS begins to elicit response and becomes CONDITIONED STIMULUS, brings
CONDITIONED RESPONSE.
I spaced out super hard after this. Sorry, dudes.
OPERANT CONDITIONING (cont’d)
Cognitive View
Learned helplessness occurs when an individual’s efforts go unrewarded.
Increasing the amount of reward leads to an increase in performance (positive contrast effect),
while decreasing the amount of reward leads to a decrease in performance (negative contrast
effect).
According to Tolman, latent learning may be due to the formation of cognitive maps.
Applications
- Crime, generally due to lack of impulse control and need for instant gratification.
- Energy conservation, paying bills in advance/on time saves money.
- Health, ie biofeedback.
- Recycling
- Education, study habits relating to tests and grades.
OBSERVATIONAL LEARNING
Definition
Observational Learning: The acquisition of new information, concepts, or forms of behavior
through exposure to others and the consequences they experience.
Also known as social learning theory (Albert Bandura).
Bandura and Walters have redirected behavioristic approaches to human learning through this
theory of social learning. Certain kinds of tendences and behaviors are learned through
observation… we take in what we are exposed to.
For example, children with aggressive parents will learn to react aggressively to problems as
well. Behavior is modelled. This is part of why people learn well through example.
find more resources at oneclass.com
find more resources at oneclass.com
Document Summary
Fixed-action patterns: sequences of action triggered automatically by envi or biological events and performed the same way by every member of a species for example, migration south of geese. Possessing a higher capacity for learning leads to higher adaptability. Ivan pavlov was one of the most important contributors to the study of learning, due to his experiments with dogs regarding classical conditioning (linking stimuli sequentially) Ns begins to elicit response and becomes conditioned stimulus, brings. Learned helplessness occurs when an individual"s efforts go unrewarded. Increasing the amount of reward leads to an increase in performance (positive contrast effect), while decreasing the amount of reward leads to a decrease in performance (negative contrast effect). According to tolman, latent learning may be due to the formation of cognitive maps. Crime, generally due to lack of impulse control and need for instant gratification. Energy conservation, paying bills in advance/on time saves money. Education, study habits relating to tests and grades.
